init - implement raw mode

.gitignore

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+/target
+/Cargo.lock

.rustfmt.toml

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+hard_tabs = true

Cargo.toml

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+[package]
+name = "ants"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+
+# See more keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html
+
+[dependencies]
+
+[[example]]
+name = "print"

examples/print.rs

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+use ants::{event::Events, raw_mode};
+use std::{
+	io::{stdin, Read},
+	time::{Duration, SystemTime},
+};
+
+fn main() {
+	raw_mode::enter().unwrap();
+
+	let start_time = SystemTime::now();
+
+	let mut buf = Vec::new();
+	while start_time.elapsed().unwrap() < Duration::from_secs(5) {
+		let mut b = [0u8];
+		if let Ok(_n) = stdin().read(&mut b) {
+			if b[0] != 0 {
+				buf.push(b[0]);
+				print!("[{}]:{}\n\r", b[0], String::from_utf8_lossy(&buf));
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	raw_mode::exit().unwrap();
+}

src/event.rs

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+use std::io::{stdin, Stdin};
+
+pub struct Events {
+	bytes: Stdin,
+}
+
+impl Events {
+	pub fn new() -> Self {
+		Self { bytes: stdin() }
+	}
+}

src/lib.rs

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+pub mod event;
+pub mod raw_mode;

src/raw_mode.rs

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+use std::{
+	ffi::{c_char, c_int, c_uint},
+	io::{self, Result},
+	os::fd::{self, AsFd},
+};
+
+static mut PREV_TERMINAL_STATE: Option<Termios> = None;
+
+pub fn enter() -> Result<()> {
+	if unsafe { PREV_TERMINAL_STATE.is_some() } {
+		return Ok(());
+	}
+
+	let mut state = Termios::default();
+	let stdin = io::stdin();
+
+	unsafe {
+		// save current terminal state
+		check_err(tcgetattr(stdin.as_fd(), &mut state))?;
+		PREV_TERMINAL_STATE = Some(state.clone());
+	}
+	// https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/termios.3.html
+	// termios.c_iflag &= !(IGNBRK | BRKINT | PARMRK | ISTRIP | INLCR | IGNCR | ICRNL | IXON);
+	// termios.c_oflag &= !OPOST;
+	// termios.c_lflag &= !(ECHO | ECHONL | ICANON | ISIG | IEXTEN);
+	// termios.c_cflag &= !(CSIZE | PARENB);
+	// termios.c_cflag |= CS8;
+	unsafe {
+		// set to raw mode
+		cfmakeraw(&state);
+		check_err(tcsetattr(stdin.as_fd(), 0, &state))?;
+	}
+	Ok(())
+}
+
+pub fn exit() -> Result<()> {
+	unsafe {
+		if let Some(termios) = PREV_TERMINAL_STATE.as_ref() {
+			let stdin = io::stdin();
+			check_err(tcsetattr(stdin.as_fd(), 0, termios))?;
+		}
+	}
+	Ok(())
+}
+
+fn check_err(val: c_int) -> Result<()> {
+	if val == -1 {
+		Err(io::Error::last_os_error())
+	} else {
+		Ok(())
+	}
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Default)]
+#[repr(C)]
+struct Termios {
+	pub c_iflag: c_uint,
+	pub c_oflag: c_uint,
+	pub c_cflag: c_uint,
+	pub c_lflag: c_uint,
+	pub c_line: c_char,
+	pub c_cc: [c_char; 32],
+	// these two seem to be platform specific and don't need to be used
+	// pub c_ispeed: c_int,
+	// pub c_ospeed: c_int,
+}
+
+#[link(name = "c")]
+extern "C" {
+	/// get terminal flags for fd
+	fn tcgetattr(fd: fd::BorrowedFd, termios_p: *mut Termios) -> c_int;
+	/// set terminal flags for fd
+	fn tcsetattr(fd: fd::BorrowedFd, optional_actions: c_int, termios_p: *const Termios) -> c_int;
+	/// set terminal flags to raw mode
+	fn cfmakeraw(termios_p: *const Termios);
+}
+/*
+const TCIOFF: c_int = 2;
+const TCION: c_int = 3;
+const TCOOFF: c_int = 0;
+const TCOON: c_int = 1;
+const TCIFLUSH: c_int = 0;
+const TCOFLUSH: c_int = 1;
+const TCIOFLUSH: c_int = 2;
+const NL0: c_uint = 0x00000000;
+const NL1: c_uint = 0x00000100;
+const TAB0: c_uint = 0x00000000;
+const CR0: c_uint = 0x00000000;
+const FF0: c_uint = 0x00000000;
+const BS0: c_uint = 0x00000000;
+const VT0: c_uint = 0x00000000;
+const VERASE: usize = 2;
+const VKILL: usize = 3;
+const VINTR: usize = 0;
+const VQUIT: usize = 1;
+const VLNEXT: usize = 15;
+const IGNBRK: c_uint = 0x00000001;
+const BRKINT: c_uint = 0x00000002;
+const IGNPAR: c_uint = 0x00000004;
+const PARMRK: c_uint = 0x00000008;
+const INPCK: c_uint = 0x00000010;
+const ISTRIP: c_uint = 0x00000020;
+const INLCR: c_uint = 0x00000040;
+const IGNCR: c_uint = 0x00000080;
+const ICRNL: c_uint = 0x00000100;
+const IXANY: c_uint = 0x00000800;
+const IMAXBEL: c_uint = 0x00002000;
+const OPOST: c_uint = 0x1;
+const CS5: c_uint = 0x00000000;
+const CRTSCTS: c_uint = 0x80000000;
+const ECHO: c_uint = 0x00000008;
+const OCRNL: c_uint = 0o000010;
+const ONOCR: c_uint = 0o000020;
+const ONLRET: c_uint = 0o000040;
+const OFILL: c_uint = 0o000100;
+const OFDEL: c_uint = 0o000200;
+
+const IXON: c_uint = 0x00000400;
+const IXOFF: c_uint = 0x00001000;
+const ONLCR: c_uint = 0x4;
+const CSIZE: c_uint = 0x00000030;
+const CS6: c_uint = 0x00000010;
+const CS7: c_uint = 0x00000020;
+const CS8: c_uint = 0x00000030;
+const CSTOPB: c_uint = 0x00000040;
+const CREAD: c_uint = 0x00000080;
+const PARENB: c_uint = 0x00000100;
+const PARODD: c_uint = 0x00000200;
+const HUPCL: c_uint = 0x00000400;
+const CLOCAL: c_uint = 0x00000800;
+const ECHOKE: c_uint = 0x00000800;
+const ECHOE: c_uint = 0x00000010;
+const ECHOK: c_uint = 0x00000020;
+const ECHONL: c_uint = 0x00000040;
+const ECHOPRT: c_uint = 0x00000400;
+const ECHOCTL: c_uint = 0x00000200;
+const ISIG: c_uint = 0x00000001;
+const ICANON: c_uint = 0x00000002;
+const PENDIN: c_uint = 0x00004000;
+const NOFLSH: c_uint = 0x00000080;
+const CIBAUD: c_uint = 0o02003600000;
+const CBAUDEX: c_uint = 0o010000;
+const VSWTC: usize = 7;
+const OLCUC: c_uint = 0o000002;
+const NLDLY: c_uint = 0o000400;
+const CRDLY: c_uint = 0o003000;
+const TABDLY: c_uint = 0o014000;
+const BSDLY: c_uint = 0o020000;
+const FFDLY: c_uint = 0o100000;
+const VTDLY: c_uint = 0o040000;
+const XTABS: c_uint = 0o014000;
+
+const VEOL: usize = 11;
+const VEOL2: usize = 16;
+const VMIN: usize = 6;
+const IEXTEN: c_uint = 0x00008000;
+const TOSTOP: c_uint = 0x00000100;
+const FLUSHO: c_uint = 0x00001000;
+const EXTPROC: c_uint = 0x00010000;
+// */