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225 lines
9.2 KiB
Markdown
225 lines
9.2 KiB
Markdown
---
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layout: default
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title: Terminal
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parent: API
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nav_order: 2
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permalink: /api/terminal
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---
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# Terminal
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**Inherits:** [Control] < [CanvasItem] < [Node] < [Object]
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A Terminal emulator Control node.
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Supports ANSI and (some) XTerm Control Sequences which can be used to do things such as clear the screen, move the cursor, change printed text color, ring a bell, and so on.
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For an exhaustive list of terminal control sequences (not all of which are supported by GodotXterm) see ["XTerm Control Sequences"](https://invisible-island.net/xterm/ctlseqs/ctlseqs.html).
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## Overview
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<sub>"Terminal Flow Diagram" is a derivative of ["computer keyboard 2"](https://openclipart.org/detail/2396/computer-keyboard-2) and ["monitor"](https://openclipart.org/detail/1637/monitor), from U.S. patent drawings, uploaded by [johnny_automatic](https://openclipart.org/artist/johnny_automatic), used under [CC0](https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).<sub/>
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### (1) User Input
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The user enters some data into the terminal, typically by typing something on the keyboard.
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This corresponds to the `_gui_input()` method.
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### (2) Terminal Output
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The user input from (1) is processed by the terminal state machine and converted to the appropriate output.
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For example, if the user were to press the downwards arrow key (↓), the terminal would then emit `data_sent()`
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with the value `"\u001b[A"`.
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### (3) Terminal Input
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In the other direction, data can be sent to the terminal. This corresponds to the `write()` method.
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### (4) Draw
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The input from (3) is then interpreted by the terminal state machine and drawn to the screen.
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For example if the string `"\u001b[38;2;0;255;0;mA"` was written to the terminal, then it would draw a green colored capital letter 'A' on the screen.
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## Properties
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| Type | Name | Default |
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|--------------|--------------------------------------|---------|
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| [bool] | [bell_muted](#prop-bell_muted) | `false` |
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| [float] | [bell_cooldown](#prop-bell_cooldown) | `0.1` |
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| [int] | [cols](#prop-cols) | `2` |
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| [int] | [rows](#prop-rows) | `2` |
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| [UpdateMode] | [update_mode](#prop-update_mode) | `AUTO` |
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## Methods
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| Returns | Signature |
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|----------|-----------------------------------------------------------------|
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| void | [clear](#mthd-clear) **()** |
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| [String] | [copy_all](#mthd-copy_all) **()** |
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| [String] | [copy_selection](#mthd-copy_selection) **()** |
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| void | [write](#mthd-write) **(** [String]\|[PoolByteArray] data **)** |
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## Signals
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- <a name="sgnl-bell" /> **bell** **()**
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Emitted when the [bell character](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell_character) (`"\u0007"`) is written to the terminal.
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---
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- <a name="sgnl-data_sent" /> **data_sent** **(** [PoolByteArray] data **)**
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Emitted when some data comes out of the terminal.
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This typically occurs when the user interacts with the terminal by typing on the keyboard.
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Input can be interpreted differently depending on modifier keys and the terminal's settings/state.
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When connected to a [PTY], this data will be forwarded to it.
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---
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- <a name="sgnl-key_pressed" /> **key_pressed** **(** [String] data, [InputEventKey] event **)**
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Emitted when a key is pressed. `data` is the data that would be emitted by the terminal via the [`data_sent()`](#sgnl-data_sent) signal and may vary based on the terminal's state. `event` is the event captured by Godot in the `_gui_input(event)` method.
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---
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- <a name="sgnl-size_changed"> **size_changed** **(** [Vector2] new_size **)**
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Emitted when the terminal's size changes, typically in response to its `rect_size` changing.
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`new_size.x` will be the number of columns and `new_size.y` will be the number of rows.
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This information should be forwarded to a pseudoterminal, if it is connected, so that it can update its size accordingly.
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## Enumerations
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<a name="enum-update_mode" /> enum **UpdateMode**:
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- **DISABLED** = **0** --- The terminal's `update()` method will never be called. No new cells will be drawn.
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- **AUTO** = **1** --- Only changed cells will be drawn after `update()` is called, but will switch to **ALL_NEXT_FRAME** when mass redraws are required.
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- **ALL** = **2** --- Every cell will be drawn on every `update()` call.
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- **ALL_NEXT_FRAME** = **3** --- Draws every cell afetr the next `update()` call, then returns to **AUTO**.
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## Property Descriptions
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- <a name="prop-rows" /> [int] **rows**
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| | |
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|-----------|------------|
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| *Default* | `2` |
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| *Setter* | None |
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| *Getter* | None |
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The number of rows in the terminal's rect.
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When using a monospace font, this is typically the number of characters that can fit from the top to the bottom.
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It will automatically update as the Control's rect_size changes, and therefore shouldn't be used to set the size of the terminal directly.
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---
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- <a name="prop-cols" /> [int] **cols**
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| | |
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|-----------|------------|
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| *Default* | `2` |
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| *Setter* | None |
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| *Getter* | None |
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The number of columns in the terminal's rect.
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When using a monospace font, this is typically the number of characters that can fit from one side to another.
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It will automatically update as the Control's rect_size changes, and therefore shouldn't be used to set the size of the terminal directly.
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---
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- <a name="prop-bell_muted" /> [bool] **bell_muted**
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|-----------|---------|
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| *Default* | `false` |
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| *Setter* | None |
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| *Getter* | None |
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If muted, no [`bell`](#sgnl-bell) signal will be emitted when the bell character (`"\u0007"`) is written to the terminal.
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---
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- <a name="prop-bell_cooldown" /> [float] **bell_cooldown**
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|-----------|-------|
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| *Default* | `0.1` |
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| *Setter* | None |
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| *Getter* | None |
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The minimum amount of time to wait before emitting another [`bell`](#sgnl-bell) signal on subsequent writes of the bell character.
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Writing the bell character too frequently, for example by running the command `while true; do echo -e "\a"; done`,
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can have a negative impact on performance depending on how the signal is connected.
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This property allows throttling of that signal.
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---
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- <a name="prop-update_mode" /> [UpdateMode] **update_mode**
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|-----------|------------------------|
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| *Default* | `AUTO` |
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| *Setter* | set_update_mode(value) |
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| *Getter* | None |
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Determines which cells of the terminal will be updated when its state changes.
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By default `AUTO` will only update cells that changed, but will update all cells (i.e. the entire screen) on major changes,
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such as terminal resize.
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If you are having trouble with the terminal not updating correctly or exhibiting artifacts, you can try remedying this by setting `update_mode` to `ALL`, however, this will have a negative impact on performance.
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## Method Descriptions
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- <a name="mthd-clear" /> void **clear** **()**
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Removes all but the bottommost row of the terminal including scrollback buffer.
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---
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- <a name="mthd-copy_all" /> [String] **copy_all** **()**
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Copies all of the text in the terminal including scrollback buffer.
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---
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- <a name="mthd-copy_selection" /> [String] **copy_selection** **()**
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Copies only selected (i.e. highlighted) text in the terminal.
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Will return an empty string if nothing is highligted.
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---
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- <a name="mthd-write" /> void **write** **(** [String] \| [PoolByteArray] data **)**
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Writes data to the terminal emulator. Accepts either a [String] or [PoolByteArray].
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Typically it would be connected to the output of a [PTY]'s [`data_received()`](/api/pty#sgnl-data_received) signal.
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Example:
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```gdscript
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$Terminal.write("Hello World")
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$Terminal.write("Hello World".to_utf8())
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$Terminal.write(PoolByteArray([0x1b, 0x9e])
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```
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[AudioStream]: https://docs.godotengine.org/en/stable/classes/class_audiostream.html
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[CanvasItem]: https://docs.godotengine.org/en/stable/classes/class_canvasitem.html
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[Color]: https://docs.godotengine.org/en/stable/classes/class_color.html
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[Control]: https://docs.godotengine.org/en/stable/classes/class_control.html
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[Font]: https://docs.godotengine.org/en/stable/classes/class_font.html
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[InputEventKey]: https://docs.godotengine.org/en/stable/classes/class_inputeventkey.html
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[Node]: https://docs.godotengine.org/en/stable/classes/class_node.html
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[Object]: https://docs.godotengine.org/en/stable/classes/class_object.html
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[PoolByteArray]: https://docs.godotengine.org/en/stable/classes/class_poolbytearray.html
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[PTY]: /api/pty
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[String]: https://docs.godotengine.org/en/stable/classes/class_string.html
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[UpdateMode]: #enum-update_mode
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[Vector2]: https://docs.godotengine.org/en/stable/classes/class_vector2.html
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[bool]: https://docs.godotengine.org/en/stable/classes/class_bool.html
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[float]: https://docs.godotengine.org/en/stable/classes/class_float.html
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[int]: https://docs.godotengine.org/en/stable/classes/class_int.html
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